Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

maslow-hierarchy-human-needs

Abraham Maslow postulated that humans have an ascending order of needs and used a hierarchal pyramid to prioritize them. At the bottom levels of the pyramid are our physiological needs—like food, shelter, and clothing—that we need to survive. As these needs are met, progressively higher needs present themselves: safety and security, social interaction, and self-esteem, all topped by self-actualization, a term Maslow used to describe the ultimate human need to learn, grow, and reach one’s full potential.

Physiological Needs

These needs can be divided into two categories:

1.The first category is made up of needs that are homeostatic—the need to maintain an internal, biological balance—and include such things as salt concentration, sugar concentration, and water concentration in the blood. If a substance is out of balance, there will be a desire to consume foods that bring these levels back into balance.

2.The second category includes those needs that are not homeostatic, such as sleep and sex.

Both of these categories are deeply rooted in the biological systems of the body. More importantly, if one were to strip a person of material possessions and psychological identity, physiological needs would be the primary driver of that person’s behavior. All actions would be directed at satisfying basic needs, and the person would seek an environment to satisfy these needs. Near a large bike rally, Wal-Mart noticed that for temperatures above 88 degrees, beer sales went down and water sales went up.

In modern societies, it is rare for anyone to experience this level of physiological-driven motivation. It would be even rarer to find an individual who is completely dissatisfied for an extended duration of time.

Safety Needs

Once physiological needs are satisfied, safety needs emerge. These include the need for security and stability. If you were to strip someone of everything but his or her physiological needs, safety needs would become the primary motivator, but not with the same sense of urgency as physiological needs.

As with physiological needs, modern society ensures that safety needs are sufficiently satisfied for the vast majority of adults. Safety needs occur on smaller scales and are seen in people’s desires for certainty: job stability and insurance policies—a general preference for the known over the unknown.

Belongingness and Love Needs

When physiological and safety needs are met, belonging needs emerge. These include the need for affection, relationships, and belongingness, as to a group. In daily life, people exhibit these needs in their desire to marry, have a family, be a part of a community, a member of a church, a brother in a fraternity, a member of a gang, or a member of a bowling club. Belonging is also a part of what they look for in a career.

It is at this level that the support and social structure of modern society becomes insufficient to fulfill a person’s needs. Modern society shows its fragmentation in the breakdown of traditional groups. Increased mobility has left many feeling disconnected and unfulfilled. The importance of neighborhoods and families to an individual’s well-being has been overlooked. Moreover, there’s no indication this fragmentation is going to slow down. Maslow cited these unmet needs as being the primary cause for mental disorders. He commented, “We have largely forgotten our deep animal tendencies to herd, to flock, to join, to belong.” This need reveals why consumers choose to be part of brands that offer them connection and belonging, such as Jimmy Buffett’s Parrotheads or Harley-Davidson’s H.O.G.

Esteem Needs

Maslow divided the next level in the hierarchy into two categories: the need for esteem from others and the need for self-esteem. The need for esteem from others is met externally and includes the desire for status and dominance, while the need for self-esteem is met internally and includes the want of independence and mastery.

Maslow believed the healthiest way to satisfy esteem needs was to have both internal and external esteem needs met as a result of a person’s authentic nature, so that any respect gained would be merited rather than derived from the presentation of a false self.

Self-Actualization

At the top of the hierarchy is the need for self-actualization. By this, Maslow meant the need to be what one has the potential to become. In Motivation and Personality, Maslow wrote, “Musicians must make music, artists must paint, poets must write if they are ultimately to be at peace with themselves. What humans can be they must be. They must be true to their own nature. This need we may call self-actualization … It refers to people’s desire for self-fulfillment, namely, the tendency for them to become actualized in what they are potentially.”

At this level, the needs lower in the hierarchy are satisfied, and, therefore, cease to motivate the individual. However, the need for self-actualization cannot be satisfied, and any satisfaction that is gained only serves to further motivate the individual.

July 6, 2012 by

More Powerful Than Heroin: Using Cultural Stories To Connect

PhotobucketTobacco is one of the most addictive substances on the planet. It was way back in 1987—a quarter century ago—that smokers were first told that it was easier to give up heroin than cigarettes.

Today, the CDC reports that 19.3% of American adults smoke. That’s nearly one in five, which is pretty bad. In Thailand, the numbers are jaw-droppingly worse.  27% of the entire Thai adult population smokes.  46% of adult men do: that’s nearly every other guy you meet!

Thailand’s government is very interested in reducing the numbers of people who smoke.  They’ve used a video campaign that we think is fascinating, because it deals in a very complete and sophisticated way with one of the most important unconscious psychological factors that influences people’s behavior: the cultural story.

Connect With Your Customers: The Cultural Story

The video begins with images of people standing outdoors, smoking.  Some people are standing alone, while other people are standing in small groups. A small child, not even yet into their teenage years, approaches, pulls a cigarette out of their pocket, and asks for a light.

In every instance, the adults refused to light the child’s cigarette. In fact, the vast majority of the adults went on to tell the child why they shouldn’t smoke at all. One woman told the child how cigarettes contained insecticide, while another man talked about the many diseases associated with smoking. Still another man talked to the child about not being able to play and have fun if they smoked.

(You can see the video for yourself here, in this Adweek story.)

Ok. Let’s take a break for a moment and look at what is happening here.

All of these adults, the ones who are refusing to light the child’s cigarette, are sharing a contemporary cultural story with them. In this complex narrative, tobacco plays the ultimate bad guy. The adults take on the role of wise adviser or guru in this tale. It’s their job to prepare the child—a hero-in-training who doesn’t even know they’re in peril—with the warnings and wisdom they’ll need to prevail over the looming peril of addiction.

When we watch the adults telling this cultural tale, we can see that they’re really invested in the storytelling. They feel compelled to not only share this story, but to share it in the most effective way possible.  There’s a real effort to share the anti-smoking rhetoric in a way that the children will understand and find relevant to their experience.

Think about the man who talked about the child not being able to play any more. He didn’t tell this kid, “Someday you’ll experience decreased cardiac function if you keep this up!” or “In 30 years, you won’t even be able to think of taking the stairs!”  All of that would have been meaningless to the kid. The adult focused on the benefit that would matter most to the child—and he did this intuitively, automatically, reacting to the child’s request within seconds.

That’s a powerful demonstration of the power cultural stories have upon us. These narratives surround us, making up the subtle cultural background of our lives. If you asked any of the adults in that commercial, chances are none of them are professional anti-tobacco educators. But the role of the cultural story that smoking is bad, especially for children plays in the society is so pervasive and overwhelming that when presented with the actuality of smoking children, these individuals  felt compelled to reinforce the narrative.  They may not be professional anti-tobacco educators, but they did quite an impressive job as amateurs.

The Power of Cultural Narratives

As marketers, we need to understand which cultural narratives affect our customers the most. We also need to know how our customers see themselves in relation to that cultural narrative. And for that, boys and girls, let’s go back to commercial:

After hearing the adult’s reasons for refusing them the light, the children handed the adults a note, and then quickly left the area. The note read, “You worry about me, but why not worry about yourself?” along with a helpline number. Many of the adults threw their cigarettes away at that point. All of the adults approached retained the brochure; the helpline experienced a 40% increase in calls.

What happened? Ogilivy Thailand, which produced the campaign, did two very smart things here. In Thailand, as in much of the world, the cultural norm is that children are the ones stories—especially instructional, moralistic stories—are told to. They’re not the ones who tell the instructional, moralistic story. By placing the child in the counter-intuitive role of the wise adviser or guide, the unconscious is shocked into a new state of awareness and receptivity. The adult who was not aware they were being taught at all find themselves overwhelmed by the wisdom of the lesson they received.

This cognitive shift is accompanied by the realization that one’s role in relation to the cultural story has also changed. The adults who were, in the first version of the tale, the powerful wise adviser and guide, can now regard themselves as the child’s role: they themselves can be the hero-in-training, preparing to fight off tobacco’s addictive powers.

Changing your role in a cultural story is a powerful thing.  The call to be a hero—especially if it comes at the right time—can transform a life. We don’t know yet how many of those helpline calls will result in someone giving up cigarettes for good, but we feel safe in saying that it’ll be more than a few.

Understanding the unconscious, and leveraging that understanding to create effective messaging can do amazing things. If this knowledge can be used to break consumers free of one of the most addictive substances on the planet, what can it do for your brand?  That’s something well worth thinking about!

July 3, 2012 by

Social Media and the Power of Public Knowledge

We’re starting to hear the rumbles, here and there, from businesses of every type and every size. Social media, the marketing tool that was supposed to deliver amazing results, doesn’t seem to work very well for some companies. They say effort invested isn’t providing anything much in the way of meaningful results.

The first response seems to be platform flight. Facing Facebook failure, organizations decide to move on. They decide to focus on Twitter, and if that doesn’t pan out, they move onto Pinterest, perhaps, or Instagram.  It’s the digital equivalent of the African Savanna, where the herds are traveling ever onward, perpetually in search of a water hole that will quench their burning thirst.

It’s not a bad strategy, if you’re an elephant.

If, however, you are a company that wants to build meaningful relationships with your customers in a profitable and enduring fashion, it’s a disaster.

So what’s going wrong here?  It’s a simple problem. We’re focusing too much attention on the media aspect of social media, and not nearly enough on the social end of the equation.

Understanding Social Media: The Power of Public Knowledge

Let’s start this whole conversation by saying this: it’s not Facebook’s fault you’re not connecting with your customers. It’s not Twitter’s fault, nor Pinterest’s fault, nor even Instagram’s fault. All of these social media platforms do exactly what they say they’re going to do: provide a fairly easy-to-use way to share your content easily with anyone who wants to listen to it.  If nobody’s listening, it’s not the communications vehicle that’s the problem. It’s the message.

In other words, don’t blame the radio if nobody dances when your band’s song plays. The people have proven that they’re willing to dance — if the music has the right beat. When a song comes on that they like, they dance.

If you want to use social media effectively as a marketing tool, you have to understand, on a fundamental, humanistic level, what causes people to participate in online conversations. Why does someone join Facebook in the first place? What drives them to post their thoughts and feelings? What encourages them to like a company page, to comment on that page, and to share the content they see there with others?

Steven Pinker has some great answers. We encourage you to watch this video — it’ll take about 10 minutes of your life, but it’s 10 minutes that will make you a better marketer. Of particular interest is the bit on public knowledge.  It starts at about minute 8.

Watch that, and then think about the Arab Spring revolutions that rocked the Middle East. Pinker points out that it’s the phenomenon of public knowledge that sparks community action. What we learned from the Arab Spring is that social media is an ideal vehicle for creating public knowledge.

Knowing that someone else has the same knowledge you do, and is experiencing similar emotions as a result of that knowledge, is an extremely empowering and motivating experience. Dominant organizations have learned the lessons of Arab Spring, strategically using their social media presence to create the experience of public knowledge within their target audience.

Harley Davidson is doing this on Facebook with their Harley Davidson Worldride Campaign. Go to their page and check it out. During a two-day event, where Harley riders are “taking over the world,” fans are encouraged to log in and share how many miles they’ve ridden. So far, the results have been astronomical — the total miles would bring you to the moon and back!

This is public knowledge in action. Riders are sharing their distances, true, but they’re also sharing their experiences. They want to tell what a good time they’ve had. Hearing about other people’s good times on the bike motivates those who haven’t gone riding lately to get the hog fired up so they too can participate. Even the people who can’t go are logging in to share their support, explain why they can’t participate, and offer encouragement to those who are riding.

Real world activity can, with the proper, strategic encouragement, drive social media activity, which in turn can drive real world activity. That’s the power of public knowledge. It transforms governments, it builds brands, and it is the only thing that’s been proven to change the world. If your organization isn’t tapping into the power of public knowledge now is a good time to start. Give it a shot before you give up on your latest social media endeavor. You’ll be glad you did.

June 26, 2012 by

Hungry Like the Wolf: Winning the Battle of the Bands

What do you call a brand that has enjoyed long-term success, remaining profitable and vibrant for over 30 years, while the vast majority of their early competition struggles for relevancy?

In the music world, you’d call that brand Duran Duran. Get ready for your 80’s flashback! We’re going to talk about what it takes to create enduring customer loyalty.

What Happens Tomorrow: The Evolution of a Brand

In the 1980’s, Duran Duran was hitting every note perfectly. They were one of the most successful bands of the decade. Fans loved their New Romantic sound. The fact they were the prettiest boys in rock didn’t exactly hurt the situation.

Fashions change, and the fashions in music change faster than most. The collective soundtrack started getting a harder, edgier sound—the first whiffs of Grunge were riding on the wind—and the members of Duran Duran did a very smart thing. They recognized who their very best, most loyal fans were, and they made a substantial commitment to connecting very closely with those fans.

Dominant organizations win because they identify what it is their customers value most about interacting with their brand and then deliver exactly those things comprehensively and consistently.

For Duran Duran, it turned out that what the fans valued most is interaction with the band members and special access. The band provides these things: they recently put on a mystery show in NYC with free tickets for the most ardent fans, and they maintain an impressive social media presence, including a membership site where exclusive photos, videos, and music is posted. Band members share their birthday celebrations with the fans.  There are members-only contests to win autographed copies of music magazines.

Understanding the Peak Emotional Experience

It all has a very gushy, over-the-top Tiger Beat feel. That’s the point! Key to the band’s enduring popularity is understanding the peak emotional experience the fan is looking for.  It’s not enough to hear Hungry Like The Wolf one more time. Repetition of a product is not enough to sustain a relationship. Duran Duran’s fans want to feel the way they felt when they heard the song for the very first time, when the lyrics and beat delivered an intoxicating message designed only for their ears.

Social media has made it much easier for Duran Duran—and any other brand that wants to create sustainable customer loyalty—to connect with their customers. 860,000 Facebook fans are the first to hear news about the band. There are behind the scenes rehearsal pictures, live-blogged media appearances, and more. These efforts help the band’s best fans feel like they have a special status. They belong to the Duran Duran community. They’re heavily invested in the band—most fans have been to multiple concerts and purchase all available music—and the band is diligent and committed to maintaining that connection.

They know that if they keep providing their fans with the peak emotional experience, the fans will keep coming back. They know this because it’s worked for them for 30 years.  Is it great music? We don’t know, but it’s definitely good business!

June 21, 2012 by

Does Robin Hood Go To Starbucks? A Little Matter of Coffee Mugs

In Customers First, we talk about Starbucks and some of the ways that the brand appeared to be heading off track.  It’s only right and fair that we should raise our coffee mugs and salute Starbucks when they get it right.

Check out this NY Times article about Starbucks’ decision to source their coffee mugs domestically.  It’s the tale of how Starbucks, a company with 200,000 employees, started doing business with American Mug. Here’s the Cliff Notes version:

American Mug was a company that was headed toward closure.

American Mug was a company that was headed toward closure in a town full of businesses that were similarly in trouble—or already closed.

American Mug is a ceramics company. The ceramics industry has floundering badly domestically due to competition with China.

Starbucks chose American Mug as their supplier rather than go with a Chinese source even though the American-made mugs are more expensive.

Do you see what they did there?

Right in front of your very eyes, Starbucks has tapped into the power of a contemporary cultural story and leveraged it to strengthen their brand dominance and customer loyalty.

Let’s talk about that contemporary cultural story bit first. As people, we all experience problems—all kinds of problems, all of the time. We have big problems and little problems. We have problems that affect us very, very personally, and some that don’t seem to bother us at all. We identify with the problems of others—of our friends and neighbors, colleagues and countrymen.

All of these problems create a level of tension within us. Tension is no fun. It makes us uncomfortable. It makes us unhappy. We’re strongly motivated to relieve these tensions and we’re keenly aware of and generally resentful about situations where we feel ourselves powerless to effect any type of change that would relieve the tension we’re experiencing. It’s the drive to relieve tension that causes us to seek solutions to our problems.

Cultural stories are the narratives we’ve built up collectively to record and relay relevant information about the best way problems can be solved. Cultural stories contain the solutions to problems, acting as a guide that we can use when making decisions.

Robin Hood and Starbucks

In a time of great hardship and gross economic disparity, people embraced the tale of Robin Hood. He took from the rich, especially those deemed to have wealth unjustly, and gave to the deserving and virtuous poor. Cultural stories are extremely powerful forces in a society. It’s important to understand how these tales influence the listener. Does exposure to Robin Hood result in generations of children who grew up to be bandits? Or do we get, instead, generations of children committed to the idea that inequality must be challenged?

If we look at British society today, and we look at British society at the time when Robin Hood tales were first told, we see that while the situation is by no means perfect, things are a whole lot more equal than they used to be. The arrow may not have hit a utopian bullseye, but it’s on the target.

When we talk about contemporary cultural stories, we’re talking about the tensions and pressures our customers are experiencing right now.

Starbucks’ best customers are feeling a sense of economic oppression right now. Even if they aren’t in a tough situation themselves, they know and easily identify with people who are. This creates an internal tension: anxiety and worry about one’s economic security is very unpleasant. We are strongly motivated to resolve our internal tensions, but who do you blame for an omnipresent sense of economic peril?

There are a lot of answers to that question, but “Unfair Competition From China” is a very, very popular one. Unfortunately, there’s not much one person, as an individual consumer, can do to impact the balance of global trade. This adds a sense of hopelessness and frustration to the internal tension.

And here comes Starbucks to save the day. Like Robin Hood, they snatch up the gem—the lucrative mug contract—from the Chinese, perceived to be unjustly rich in terms of manufacturing contracts, and award it to the struggling American industry. They’re the hero in this coffee talk.

For the typical Starbucks customer, the mug sourcing change will not affect their lives in any concrete way whatsoever. But by frequenting Starbucks, and allying themselves with the brand, these customers now have their chance to stand up and join with Robin Hood. They’re supporting the company that’s fighting back against China—and they can do it without making any change in a routine they already enjoy. They become heroic by association.

It’s a smart strategy.  To be a hero is a noble thing, an appealing prospect. When we act heroically, we feel better about ourselves. We like who we are. Starbucks has created a way for their customers to tap into that powerful emotional experience vicariously. We think it’s a good move, in the right direction.  What do you think?

June 13, 2012 by

Some of Our Best Friends Are Zombies: The Value of Brand Modeling When Facing a PR Disaster

It’s all fun and games until someone loses an eye!

It was almost a year ago when we wrote this post, highlighting an innovative, effective emergency preparedness educational campaign from the Center for Disease Control.

In an effort to get people to stock up on bottled water, first aid supplies, and other hurricane-season necessities, the CDC urged people to prepare for the most outlandish of possibilities: a zombie apocalypse.

The campaign was very obviously tongue in cheek. But then this happened, and this happened, and this happened. (Warning: don’t read if you’ve got a squeamish stomach!)

Suddenly, the prospect of a zombie apocalypse doesn’t seem so laughable anymore. People are starting to get freaked out. CDC spokesman David Daigle made it clear to the Huffington Post that the “CDC does not know of a virus or condition that would reanimate the dead,” a story that has been picked up by countless media outlets as an official denial of zombies.

The CDC did what it had to do in this situation: answer questions promptly and as completely as possible with scientifically accurate, verifiable information. By providing this information and calming fear, the CDC was fulfilling the community  need for an authoritative voice on public health concerns—even the most ludicrous!

This is in alignment with their Brand Vision, and is, as such, a good decision. Barring the appearance of an actual zombie-causing virus, they’re off the hook from a PR perspective. Almost everyone believes that zombies aren’t real, and it appears that excessive drug use was far more to blame for these gruesome incidents than any potential pathogen.

But sometimes the things that go bump in the night are real. Every organization lives with the possibility of some unforeseen event causing the media to call with all sorts of complicated questions.  What’s the best way to handle these situations? Brand Modeling provides the answers.

Brand Modeling: For Bad Days and Blunders

Some day, somebody who works for your organization is going to screw things up. They’ll say the wrong thing, to the wrong person, at exactly the wrong time. You’ll be let down by your merchandise, or get caught up in a political firestorm, or make a change you think is amazing but that your customer base hates with the passion of a thousand fiery suns. (Reed Hastings, are you even listening?) Bad things happen.

It’s how organizations react to those bad things that separates the dominant organizations from every other company out there. Being on top doesn’t mean your brand never makes mistakes. Ask Apple about that. They’ve had amazing successes—and they’ve had CEO Steve Jobs on stage explaining “We’re not perfect” just days after the eagerly anticipated iPhone 4 failed to amaze.

Instead, dominant organizations thrive because they address even the largest PR disasters in a fashion that fulfills their customers expectations of how the brand should act in an awkward situation. These nuanced expectations are revealed throughout the process of Brand Modeling, which couples in-depth understanding of the unconscious cultural and psychological forces driving consumer behavior with objective analytical tools. When the model is complete, it becomes possible to predict, with a high degree of certainty, how your best customers will respond to anything you do—from opening a new location through handling the bad days and blunders that every company experiences.

There’s a significant competitive advantage to be found in the ability to predict customer behavior. When you know ahead of time what type of response your best customers will appreciate the most, you know what approach to take when responding to your PR crisis. This allows you to continually build customer loyalty and strengthen the bonds the public has with your brand.  It really works.  As our zombie-loving friends at the CDC would say, “That’s what happens when you use your braaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnnns!”

June 6, 2012 by

GM’s Shifting Social Media Strategy: Is Dropping Facebook Ads a Smart Move?

The news that GM has decided to stop using paid Facebook advertising has created a big buzz. If the nation’s third largest advertiser isn’t getting enough bang for their buck from Facebook ads, the conversation goes, what does that mean for the rest of us?

GM reportedly spends approximately $40 million on Facebook. 75% of that investment is devoted to monitoring and maintaining GM’s Facebook presence, through the organization’s Facebook page. The remaining 25%, $10 million dollars, was going toward paid advertising.

Coming days before Facebook’s IPO, this announcement has left many people wondering if the social networking site’s financial model has a fatal flaw. Revenue projections based on increasing revenue from advertising may not bear fruit if dominant organizations—or those organizations that look to dominant organizations as a guide to their own marketing strategies—decide that the advertising on Facebook just isn’t worth it.

Should other organizations follow GM’s lead? Should Facebook advertising be abandoned? Should organizations focus exclusive on direct engagement with users on the organization’s Facebook page? Do those efforts even pay off, or will we see GM eventually pulling back from their $30 million dollar commitment?

Customers First: Brand Modeling to Make Smart Social Media Choices

If you read Customers First (or even one of our earlier books, like The Power of Cult Branding) you’ll see that successful companies gain their dominant market position by focusing intensely and exclusively on understanding their best customers. Developing a comprehensive, holistic view of who a brand’s customers are, with a special focus on the unconscious psychological factors that motivate their decision making, makes it possible to predict, with a high degree of certainty,  a patterns of customer preferences.

Knowing these preferences makes it easier for marketers to create marketing that will really resonate with their customers. It also helps them identify the best mix of marketing vehicles for their brand.  We call the process of identifying those preferences and deriving actionable information Brand Modeling. Put the right message in the right place is the first rule of marketing.

Customers aren’t shy.  They’ll happily tell you what they think about almost anything you ask, especially if you have established a relationship where your customers feel actively engaged with your brand. That’s why we think GM is making a really smart decision with their commitment to a content-heavy, high-touch approach to Facebook engagement.

To fully realize the potential of social media, it’s essential to focus on listening as much as—even more than—you talk. One of the best ways to develop a deeper understanding of your customer base is to listen to what people say when they tell you about themselves.  To do this in the most efficient manner, it helps to be equipped with the analytical tools necessary to derive meaning from conversation.

GM used their Facebook page to survey their fans directly about their Facebook usage and preferences. The data revealed from that conversation surely played a critical role in the decision to pull the plug on Facebook advertising.

Today, it’s the company that listens closely to its best customers’ wants and needs that wins. For GM, that means dropping Facebook advertising. For another organization, it may mean a more enthusiastic embrace of Facebook advertising. Your Brand Model will help you make the right choices for your organization. That’s the power of putting Customers First.

May 22, 2012 by

Safety in Social Media: An Impossible Dream?

Don Quixote in a Starry Night by mize2oo5 Creative CommonsSocial media is a powerful tool you can leverage to build your brand, but it can also leave you vulnerable to the the cruel contempt of the masses who think nothing of trashing your brand equity one “Like” at a time. That’s the thrust of this article in AdWeek, which details any number of social media “fails.” One misstep by a marketer—a poorly posed model, or too much enthusiasm for milkshakes—and suddenly, there’s a tornado in the Twitterverse.

No one, we’re to understand, is safe.  Henry Copeland of Blogads was quoted as saying, “The hundreds of thousands, or millions, of people out there are going to take your idea, and they’re going to try to shred it or tear it apart and find what’s weak or stupid in it.”

Obviously, this is bad news. Nobody wants the backlash. The situation gets worse when there’s no positive traction as a result of the campaign. An offensive marketing message is bad; an offensive marketing message that doesn’t resonate with your existing and likely potential customer base is worse.

Social media is starting to sound pretty precarious.

Are we faced with a Quixotic quest? Is communicating with our customers in an effective, compelling fashion while simultaneously avoiding starting Facebook firestorms even possible?

These are good questions. Answering them becomes easier when we have access to superior customer knowledge and the objective, analytic tools provided by Brand Modeling.

Social Media: The Challenge of Uncertainty

The biggest problem marketers are facing today is the biggest problem they’ve been facing for a long time. Well before Jack Dorsey sent his first tweet, business owners and entrepreneurs have been longing for a way to predict customer response to marketing messaging—preferably before the campaign is even launched.

Without the ability to predict customer response, we are in an undesirable state of uncertainty.

If we knew that a given campaign would be hugely, overwhelmingly popular and effective with our target audience, would that outweigh the impact of any potential controversy? That’s a legitimate decision, and one that leading brands have often made. What if the same campaign would only be moderately popular? What if the same campaign seemed to elicit no positive response at all? Dodging the controversy becomes much more appealing if there’s no identifiable benefit to be gained.

Without the ability to predict customer response, we can’t make intelligent, strategic decisions to secure and enhance our organization’s standing. It’s impossible. You can guess, of course, and lots and lots of companies are—but as the AdWeek article points out, there’s a better than good chance you’ll guess wrong at least once.

In Customers First: Dominate Your Market by Winning Them Over Where It Counts the Most we discuss the process of Brand Modeling, and how combining insights about the unconscious psychological drivers that motivate customer behavior with targeted statistical analysis makes it possible to predict, with a high degree of certainty, how customers will respond to your efforts to connect with them.

Yes, social media has been a game changer. It’s translated the cultural environment we were used to into a fast paced, dynamic and sometimes dangerous space. There’s no guarantee of safety here, but by making smart, strategic choices it is possible for your organization to consistently make the right choices, reaping benefits that far outweigh even the hottest Facebook firestorm.

We think Don Quixote would approve this message.

May 15, 2012 by

Leveling Up: Why The UBS/Guggenheim Collaboration Makes Good Sense

Pyramid of Menkaure

The contemporary art world is buzzing about a newly announced collaboration between UBS Wealth Management and the Guggenheim Museum. It’s easy to see what the excitement is about, especially from a creative perspective.  The five year initiative is going to chart creative activity and contemporary art from all around the world.

Many of the stories you’ll see about this collaboration will focus, with good cause, on the fact that the project is a substantial investment in moving the current conversation about contemporary art from a very Western point of view to a more global perspective.

The Guggenheim UBS MAP Global Art Initiative will identify and support a network of art, artists, and curators from South and Southeast Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, and North Africa as part of a comprehensive program involving curatorial residencies, acquisitions for the Guggenheim’s collection, international touring exhibitions, and far-reaching educational activities.  It’s a huge project, with the potential to change everything we think we know about contemporary art and creative vision.

What we haven’t seen yet is an in-depth examination of why this collaboration is a good move for UBS Wealth Management. There’s no confirmed numbers available yet, but art experts have suggested that this type of project will easily set UBS back more than $40 million.

Why is UBS choosing to spend this much money, in this fashion?  This New York Times story hints at some of their thinking.  Jürg Zeltner, the chief executive of UBS Wealth Management, is quoted as saying, “As art is becoming more and more of an asset class, UBS is looking to increase our profile in these kinds of special fields of interest. More and more we are refocusing our strategy to reach emerging markets, and this project seemed like a perfect fit.”

That explanation comes from a place of logic and rationality, and does a great deal to explain why the collaboration will likely benefit UBS greatly.  It’s interesting to move the conversation to another dimension, and examine the unconscious psychological factors that will make this initiative appealing to UBS’s customers.

Customers First: What Motivates Your Customers?

Let’s take a moment to talk about Maslow. (Yes, that pyramid picture was a hint! Thanks for playing along.)

As you remember, Maslow’s research focused on identifying and prioritizing the compelling, if often unarticulated, needs that guide human behavior.  At the bottom of the pyramid, we find all the familiar needs—food, shelter, water, sex.  We certainly spend a lot of time here talking about the need to belong to a group and the esteem needs—it is essential that we find ourselves held in regard by those we respect, if we’re going to be contented human beings. For most businesses, identifying and meeting needs on this level can be an absolute game changer.  This is where dominant organizations begin to separate themselves from the rest of the pack.

But there’s another level on the pyramid. At the apex, the point of self-actualization, we find the needs for creativity, expression, morality, and freedom from prejudice, with an emphasis on agape, philanthropy, and pursuing meaningful goals. For some, this might even include exploring personal interests, like those on topslots.bet, where users seek both excitement and fulfillment in a highly engaging environment. While these needs are universal to some extent, not everyone prioritizes self-actualization or consciously focuses on reaching this level in their lives.

However, UBS’s clientele is uniquely positioned to ensure that they have their self-actualization needs met.  Absent any other differentiating factors, an audience that is relatively free from the constraints of material wants will choose the wealth management service that provides the extra value of meeting these higher-order self-actualization needs. The collaboration with the Guggenheim allows UBS’s clients to participate in a creative endeavor on a global scale.

Will participating in this project gain UBS new clients? We’re not sure. But we can say with absolute confidence that it will strengthen the bond UBS has with their existing base, especially those who are most in touch with and aware of their ability to effect meaningful change in the world.  It’s a pretty picture for all involved.  That’s why the UBS/Guggenheim collaboration makes good sense.

April 24, 2012 by

The French Frontier: The Power of Predictability For Global Brands

PhotobucketStarbucks, it turns out, is not synonymous with seamless, stress-free success. Embracing a global strategy is an integral part of the coffee retailer’s much-talked about turnaround strategy, but after ten years of effort, things still aren’t great in Europe.  Particularly not in France, according to this New York Times story.

Starbucks has embarked on a multimillion dollar campaign to win over the European marketplace. Their efforts are pretty straightforward, and from our perspective, logical: everything from the the coffee recipe to the physical plant is being examined and altered to bring it more in alignment with the tastes and preferences of the local customer.

The changes may help—the strategy, after all, bears a close resemblance to what works for other American chain eateries that have gone global. But it raises one unavoidable question: How would things look different for Starbucks if they had done the groundwork to enter the European marketplace more effectively ahead of time? We’re not privy, of course, to the inner workings of their leadership team, but it seems a fair guess that not having to spend millions of dollars is always better for your financial position than being forced to spend millions in order to remain even vaguely competitive.

In other words, there’s power in predictability.  One of the key concepts of Brand Modeling is that developing a deep, comprehensive, humanistic understanding of your company’s best customers allows you to predict, with a high degree of certainty, how those customers will respond to your offerings. This allows you to be selective and efficient in your organizational decision making process.

For example, had Starbucks spent the time and energy to fully understand their best customers in France, they likely would have discovered their expectation—framed by the cultural mythos that permeates French life—that one does not walk down the sidewalk with a paper coffee cup in hand. Coffee is meant to be enjoyed in the cafe, at a leisurely pace. Armed with that knowledge, it would have been easier to see that the French Starbucks should include adequate seating space and avoid investing resources in takeaway coffee.

In Britain, incidentally, the situation is reversed. There, takeaway coffee enjoys popularity favorably comparable to the American experience. You can see where this is valuable information to have prior to breaking ground and building shops.

Starbucks isn’t alone in this situation. Going global has stymied some brands, and even digitally oriented ventures like crypto casinos have found themselves struggling to adapt to diverse consumer tastes and regulations across continents. Burger King was a flop in Europe, whereas McDonald’s, who came very early to the wisdom of listening to local markets comprehensively and in detail, thrives.

It all comes down to customer knowledge. We are all competing in the environment full of empowered consumers. They know they have choices. The French consumer is not suffering from a lack of cafes to visit if Starbucks fails to please them. Dominant organizations are, and continue to be, those brands that are truly willing to step up and put their customers first.

April 10, 2012 by